After German reunification, according to the 1990 Unification Treaty, § 149 remained in force for the territory of the former GDR, and in West Germany § § 175 and § 182 were no longer promulgated. The West German legislator also considered the need for gender and sexual neutrality and a rebalancing of sexual self-determination with the protection of minors. In the subsequent reform of 1994, the minimum age of 14 years was maintained for the whole of Germany and, based on the legal traditions of both States, the sexual acts of a person over the age of 21 with a minor under the age of 16, in which the minor`s individual incapacity for sexual self-determination was exploited, were criminalized in the new section 182. Section 175 has been abolished. In general, the need for a complaint under the former West German law was maintained, but in the case of a particular public interest, the offence was made punishable ex officio, as had been the case under East German law. [39] The age of consent in Italy is 14, with an age-related exception that allows 13-year-olds to engage in sexual activity with partners under the age of 18, provided the age difference between them is less than 3 years. The age of consent increases to 16 if one participant has an influence on the other (e.g., parent – natural or adoptive parent, teacher, guardian, etc.). Not knowing that the victim is a minor is not a legal defense unless it is inevitable ignorance. If the minor concerned is under 11 years of age, the crime may also be punished without a complaint and the penalty will be increased. It is also illegal to perform sexual acts in the presence of a minor under the age of 14, with the intention of allowing the minor to witness the acts, even if he or she is not actively involved in them. [61] An alien who has married an Albanian citizen for at least 3 years, if he so wishes, could be granted Albanian citizenship by naturalization even if he does not meet the conditions set out in Article 9(2) and (5).

The alien must have resided legally and continuously in the territory of the Republic of Albania for at least one year. Until 1961, homosexual acts were illegal. After decriminalization, the age of consent for homosexual acts was 20 years and remained so until 1978. From that date until 1999, the age of consent for such acts was 18 years, as indicated in article 199. In 2002, the Hungarian Constitutional Court annulled Article 199 and the age of consent for homosexual acts was lowered to 14 years, in accordance with heterosexual acts. The age of consent in Montenegro is 14 years, as stated in article 206 of the Criminal Code. Article 207 prohibits a teacher, trainer, guardian, adoptive parent, stepfather, stepmother or other person in a similar situation from abusing his or her position or authority from having sexual intercourse or an equivalent act with a minor (under the age of 18) in charge of teaching, education, custody and care. Article 209, paragraph 2, prohibits a person from “ascertaining the debauchery, an act equivalent to it or any other sexual act of a minor”. Article 216 prohibits “extramarital union with a minor” Article 216 provides: (1) An adult living with a minor in an extramarital union shall be punished by deprivation of liberty from three months to three years.

2. A parent, adoptive parent or legal guardian who allows or induces a minor to live in an extramarital union with another person shall be liable to a penalty in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article. [85] Prior to 1992, sodomy was illegal, and then under the Sexual Offences (Isle of Man) Act 1992 (after consent), the age of consent for sodomy was set at 21 (as in the United Kingdom at the time). In 2001, the age of consent for male homosexual acts was lowered to 18 under the Criminal Justice Act 2001. [161] In 2006, under the Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act, 2006,[162] the age of consent was lowered to 16 and became gender-neutral for all sexual behaviour, regardless of sexual orientation or sex. The Sexual Offences Act 2003 officially ended the concept of sodomy in UK law, as heterosexual intercourse was technically illegal until that law was passed. The passage of this law meant that there was no legal difference between the vagina and sexual intercourse, as well as newly added sexual touch and oral penetration and penetration by body parts other than the penis or anything else. The law also raised the legal age for pornography and prostitution from 16 to 18. The age of consent in Germany is 14 years as long as a person over 21 years of age does not take advantage of the inability of a young person aged 14 to 15 to self-determine, in which case a conviction of a person over 21 years of age requires a complaint from the younger person; Having more than 21 years of age and having sexual relations with a minor of that age is not in itself a criminal offence.

Otherwise, the age of consent is 16 years, although the provisions on the protection of minors against abuse apply until the age of 18 (according to Article 182, paragraph 1, it is illegal to perform sexual acts with a person under the age of 18 “by exploiting a situation of exploitation”[37]). However, sexual acts that do not involve penetration can be performed from the age of 14. The law imposes several other restrictions on children under the age of 14: it is illegal for an adult to perform sexual acts against such a child; show pornographic material to such a child or induce the child to watch sexual programs; or to ask such a child to meet for sexual acts (for example, online solicitation). (Articles 221 and 222 of the Criminal Code). [103] Male homosexual acts were illegal until 1791, when the old sodomy laws were removed from that year`s penal code. This was also the case under the Napoleonic Codex of 1810.